< PreviousSun Protection Plan a Sun Safety tool kit: • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Sun Protection Done Right _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6870Heat Stroke If untreated, heat exhaustion may progress to heat stroke. Heat stroke is a serious, life-threatening condition characterized by the following symptoms: • Body temperature greater than 103°F (39.4°C) • Red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating) • Rapid, strong pulse • Throbbing headache • Dizziness • Nausea • Confusion • Unconsciousness Very high body temperatures can damage the brain or other vital organs. In severe cases, the problem can progress to multiple organ system failure and death. Heat Stroke & Heat Exhaustion Dehydration Have you ever spent a hot afternoon running, or playing ball with your friends? Bet you were pretty sweaty and thirsty when you finished. That thirst was a sign of dehydration. Dehydration means that your body is losing more fluids than it takes in. Make sure you drink water a few hours before physical activities, and keep drinking after you’re done—be smart and stay hydrated! Heat Exhaustion The symptoms of heat exhaustion include: • Muscle cramping • Fatigue • Headache • Nausea or vomiting • Dizziness or fainting Ironically, a patient with heat exhaustion often might have cool and moist skin (the body’s ability to cool itself is still present), but the patient’s pulse rate is fast and weak, and breathing is rapid and shallow. What is heat-related illness? Heat-related illness ( hyperthermia ) results from exposure to extreme heat where the body becomes unable to properly cool, resulting in a rapid rise in body temperature. Prompt treatment of heat-related illnesses with aggressive fluid replacement and cooling of core body temperature is critical. Exposure to excessive heat can cause illness and can worsen many pre-existing conditions, such as heart and respiratory disease. Of the heat-related illnesses, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are the most serious. Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6872Heat Stroke & Heat Exhaustion Heat Exhaustion Symptoms: • __________________________________ • __________________________________ • __________________________________ • __________________________________ • __________________________________ • __________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ Heat Stroke Symptoms: • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ • ___________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ Dehydration ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ What is heat-related illness? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6872Don’t Sweat it! Why do we sweat? When your body temperature gets hotter than normal (98.6 degrees) your brain sends out a distress signal that causes you to sweat, which cools you down. Think of it this way—your body, like an air conditioner, has an internal thermostat that helps control its temperature. Did you know that sometimes you can’t see sweat — like when you’re swimming? Which means you may not realize you are getting dehydrated. Just another reason to keep your water bottle in plain sight so you’ll remember to drink up! Stay Hydrated What happens inside your body to make you sweat? When your temperature rises, tiny blood vessels close to your skin open up . This allows your blood to carry the heat in your body away from your hard-working muscles to get closer to the skin. Then, water (sweat) escapes from your sweat glands, through pores, onto your skin. When air blows over your wet skin, the sweat evaporates (dries up) and cools your body down. But, on really hot, humid days, there is so much moisture in the air that it can’t absorb the sweat from your body. So, to keep your body cool, drink plenty of water, use a fan, or take a dip in the pool. Epidermis Dermis blood vessels pore sweat sweat gland To avoid overheating and dehydration, drink plenty of water before, during and after exercise. Decrease exercise during periods of high heat and humidity. Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6873Don’t Sweat it! Why do we sweat? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Ways to avoid overheating: • _______________________________________________________________________ • _______________________________________________________________________ • _______________________________________________________________________ • _______________________________________________________________________ What happens inside your body to make you sweat? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Epidermis Dermis blood vessels pore sweat sweat gland Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6873F 9698100102104106 98.6ºF hypothalamus regulates body temperature Beat the Heat Your Internal Air Conditioner Whenever your body heats up from physical activity or the hot weather outside, your internal air conditioner turns on and you begin to sweat. Remember, when your air conditioner is using its coolant (your sweat), it is important to refill the tank — by drinking lots of water . Take a dip in a pool Wear loose, cool clothing Find a shady path Drink plenty of water Staying Cool If you do choose to brave the heat, make sure to let your body gradually adjust . Cut back the length and intensity of your activities for the first two weeks until you get used to the heat. Play outside during cooler parts of the day — early morning or early evening. The day is usually hottest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Find a shady bike path to ride on, take a dip in a pool, or play games under a sprinkler. Wear clothing that is loose fitting and lightly colored — preferably made of cotton or a sweat-wicking material. Did you know that almost one- fourth of all of your body’s sweat glands are on your feet? To keep your feet cool and blister-free, wear shoes that allow your feet to breathe and that don’t trap sweat and heat. Avoid drinks that have caffeine, lots of sugar, or carbonation in them. Drink water instead. If you’re playing or exercising for more than 60 minutes, get an extra energy boost from sports drinks . They help replace the water you’ve lost during strenuous activity. Most importantly, listen to your body. If you feel weak, dizzy, or thirsty, take a break in the shade, grab your water bottle, and tell a grown-up. Now that you know how to beat the heat — get out there, stay active, and keep cool! Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6874Beat the Heat Your Internal Air Conditioner _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Staying Cool • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ • __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ Now that you know how to beat the heat — get out there, stay active, and keep cool! Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6874Water – Guzzle, Gulp & Chug Help Your Body Stay Cool Keep these tips in mind to help your body stay cool : Dehydration Did You Know? Did you know that sometimes you can’t even see sweat — like when you’re swimming? Which means you may not realize you are getting dehydrated. Just another reason to keep your water bottle in plain sight so you’ll remember to drink up! Top off your tank a few hours before you hit the court, the field, or your own backyard by drinking about two cups of cold water. Keep a water bottle handy to guzzle during water breaks, halftime, or time outs. Try to drink about 10 ounces — that’s about 10 large gulps from your water bottle — every 15-20 minutes. Stay away from drinks that have caffeine, lots of sugar, or carbonation in them — like soda or tea. Drink bottled water, water flavored with lemon or lime juice, or water right from your own sink. Eating fruit and other cool snacks is another way to keep your body cool! Pack peaches, oranges, watermelon, and grapes in your cooler — they taste great and re-hydrate ! Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6875 Dehydration means that your body is losing more fluids than it takes in — and that’s not good! Don’t depend on your thirst to tell you whether or not your body needs a refill. Drinking water before, during, and after physical activity is one way to keep your body’s air conditioner working.Water – Guzzle, Gulp & Chug Help Your Body Stay Cool Keep these tips in mind to help your body stay cool: Did You Know? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ • _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ Dehydration _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6875UV rays epidermis basal cells squamous cells dermis melanocyte basal cell melanin Easy options to avoid overexposure to UV radiation— • Stay in the shade, especially during midday hours. • Wear clothing that covers your arms and legs. • Wear a hat with a wide brim to shade your face, head, ears and neck. • Wear sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays. • Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher. • Avoid indoor tanning. Skin Cancer Types of Skin Cancer Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. The two most common types of skin cancer—basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas—are highly curable, but can be disfiguring and costly to treat. Melanoma, the third most common skin cancer, is more dangerous and causes the most deaths. The majority of skin cancer is caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) light . Basal cell carcinoma begins in the basal cell layer of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the squamous layer . Melanoma begins in the melanocytes , which are the cells that make melanin , the pigment that gives skin its color. Changes in skin color or texture, and skin growths, should be checked by a medical professional. melanomasquamous cell carcinoma basal cell carcinoma Source: National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.newpathlearning.com © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-6871Next >