< PreviousWeather© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4558Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Pause and ReviewLabel the water cycle and give a brief definition of each. 1.2.3.4.1. __________________________________________________________________________2. __________________________________________________________________________3. __________________________________________________________________________4. __________________________________________________________________________What role does the Sun play in the water cycle?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4560Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Weather Patterns - FrontsStationary FrontsA stationary front forms when two different air masses meet and show little movement. This can cause several days of precipitation. Weather FrontsA weather front is the boundary where two different air masses meet. Cold Fronts A cold front occurs when a cold air mass runs into a warm air mass and creates clouds, rain and storms. Warm FrontsA warm front occurs when warm air moves into a cold region, causing drizzly rain or light snow and an increase in the humidity.Occluded FrontsAn occluded front occurs when a warm air mass is caught between two cold air masses. The warm air that moves upward is cut off from the ground and may form clouds.cold airCold Frontwarm aircold airwarm airStationary Frontcold airfast-movingwarm airWarm FrontOccluded Frontcold aircold airwarm airWeather Patterns - Fronts© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4560Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Pause and ReviewWhen air masses encounter each other, weather fronts are created. Complete this graphic organizer and define or describe each of the weather fronts. AIR MASSESAIR MASSESWEATHERFRONTSmaritime polarcontinental polarDescription:Cold frontDescription:Warm frontDescription:Occluded frontDescription:Stationary frontmaritime tropicalcontinental tropicalSevere Weather© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4561Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.warm, humidair risescold airsinksraincold, dry airfrom Canadasnow beltLake OntarioLake ErieLake SuperiorLake HuronLake MichiganSome photos courtesy of NASA.TornadoesTornadoes are funnels of high-speed, rotating winds that often develop in cumulonimbus clouds. Tornadoes form when there is a drastic change in wind direction with increasing altitude. Tornado alley is a region in the central United States that has a high frequency of tornadoes.ThunderstormsThunderstorms are small high-energy weather systems that create heavy rain, wind and lightning. These storms form when rapidly rising warm air condenses into an electrically charged cumulonimbus cloud. Lightning occurs when electricity is discharged from the cloud. HurricanesA hurricane is a large, tropical rotating weather system. A hurricane forms when winds moving in different directions collide over warm ocean water. As long as a hurricane is over open water, it has the potential to grow in strength.Winter StormsWinter weather occurs when moisture-rich air masses encounter cold, polar air masses. A snow belt exists in the northern United States along the Great Lakes, where warm water vapor mixes with cold air masses and creates lake-effect snow.Severe Weather© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4561Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Pause and ReviewChoose three types of severe storms and fill in the table below. Type of StormHow does it form?How or why does it cause damage?Erosion & Deposition - Water© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4548Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Moving Water Carries SedimentRivers and streams move across the Earth’s surface and shape the landscape. Flowing water has enough energy to move large amounts of sediment, composed of soil, rock, clay and sand. The amount of sediment that is carried by a river or stream is called its load. gravityweatheringdepositionloadDeltas & Alluvial FansWhen a river empties into an ocean or lake, sediments are deposited and a triangular-shaped delta is formed. When water transports sediments from a hilly area to a flat area, the water slows down and sediment forms an alluvial fan.Waves & Rock FormationsOcean waves contain energy that breaks down rock and shapes coastlines. Rock formations created by wave erosion include headland cliffs, sea caves, sea arches and sea stacks. Waves & Deposition Waves can also move and deposit rocks, sediment and sand. Beaches are composed of different sources of eroded rock. Barrier spits are created from longshore wave currents, and sandbars are built up offshore by incoming storm waves.headlandbeachincoming waveserosionerosionPhotos courtesy of USGS, USFWS & NASA.alluvial fanMediterranean SeadeltaNile riversea stacksea archbeachsandbarspitPause and ReviewMoving water can shape the landscape in a variety of ways. Label and describe each type of land formation shown below.Land formation: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Land formation: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Land formation: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Land formation: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Land formation: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Erosion & Deposition - Water© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4548Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Formation of Our Solar SystemSolar systems begin in the dust and gas clouds found in between the stars. The dust is composed of elements like iron and carbon. The gas clouds are composed of hydrogen and helium. These dusty clouds are called nebulae. Through a process, called “accretion,” dust particles formed larger bodies that eventually became planetesimals. Close to the Sun, the rocky planetesimals grew by accretion to become the rocky planets. In the outer reaches of the solar system, the gases like hydrogen and helium accreted to rocky cores forming planets called gas giants. The SunThe Sun is a burning ball of gas (mostly hydrogen and helium) that is held together by gravity. The Sun’s energy is produced by nuclear fusion reactions. The Inner PlanetsThe inner planets are also known as the terrestrial planets or as rocky planets. The terrestrial planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. Mercury is the smallest of the terrestrial planets. Mercury has no atmosphere and no moon. Venus is referred to as “Earth’s twin” or “sister planet” because it has similar composition, gravity, and size to Earth. It has the densest atmosphere of the terrestrial planets consisting of carbon dioxide and clouds of sulfuric acid. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest. Approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. The Earth's atmosphere is approximately 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, with traces of argon, carbon dioxide and water.Mars has had a very active volcanic history. There is growing evidence that there were large amounts of water on Mars at one time.Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It likely has a rocky core, but Jupiter is mostly made up of hydrogen and helium. Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system. Scientists believe that it actually creates more heat itself than it receives from the Sun. It is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. Uranus is visible to the naked eye, but due to its distance from the Earth it was not recognized as a planet until 1781. It was the first planet to be discovered with the use of a telescope. The gas giant furthest from the Sun is Neptune. It has a rock and ice core surrounded by a large layer of ice and a layer of hydrogen and helium gas. The highest wind speeds in the solar system are on Neptune.The Outer PlanetsThese four outer planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune - are also referred to as the gas giants or Jovian planets. PlutoUntil 2006, Pluto was considered the 9th planet from the Sun. Recently astronomers have concluded that Pluto is not a planet by the strict definition of a planet. It is therefore no longer listed as a planet but as a dwarf planet in a region of the solar system called the Kuiper Belt. Images courtesy of NASA.© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4110www.newpathlearning.comOur Solar SystemFormation of Our Solar SystemHow do solar systems form? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Describe:Rocky planets: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Gas giants: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________The SunHow is the Sun’s energy produced? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Inner PlanetsThe inner planets are also known as the ____________________ ____________________or as ____________________ ____________________ . The terrestrial planets are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________ and ____________________ . Describe:Mercury: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Venus: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Earth: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mars: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Outer PlanetsThese four outer planets - ____________________ , ____________________ , ____________________ , and ____________________ - are also referred to as the ____________________ ____________________ or ____________________ ____________________ . Describe:Jupiter: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Saturn: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Uranus: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Neptune: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pluto: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key Vocabulary Terms• accretion• Earth• gas giants• inner planets• Jovian planets• Jupiter• Mars• Mercury• nebulae• Neptune• outer planets• planetesimals• rocky planets• Saturn• terrestrial planets• Uranus• Venus© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4110www.newpathlearning.com\|xiBAHBDy01791sz\Our Solar SystemKey Vocabulary Terms© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4596Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Photos courtesy of NASA.equatorNorthernHemisphereSouthernHemisphereequatorthe imaginary line drawn around the Earth dividing it into the northern and southern hemispheres full moon the moon phase when the near side of the Moon that is facing Earth is completely lit by the Sun neap tide the lowest high tide that occurs when the Sun and Moon are at 90 degrees to each other relative to the Earth orbit the curved path a celestial body takes to travel around another celestial body phase the appearance of the moon at a particular time of the month; created by the relative positions of the Sun, Moon and Earthprograde rotation the counterclockwise rotation of a planet on its axis seasonperiod of a year characterized by particular weather patterns resulting from the Earth’s changing position in relation to the Sunsolar eclipse a blocking of the Sun’s light when the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth spring tide the highest high tide that occurs when the Moon, Sun and Earth are in line with each other air mass a large body of air with similar temperature and moisture throughout atmosphere a mixture of gases which surrounds the Earth precipitation any form of water that falls from clouds; includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail Warm Frontweather front the boundary formed between two air masses that have different temperature and moisture characteristicserosion a process by which weathered rock and soil is transported to a new location Next >